Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 7: Net Era (1990s)
1992
Angels by Nicole Stenger
Between 1989 and 1992, Stenger worked on Angels, the first immersive movie and an important early VR work. She developed the project at MIT and the University of Washington with an Advanced Visualizer. Users could interact in the space with a VPL Dataglove. This work further demonstrates the popularity of VR as we began the early ’90s. Further, this and similar works can be seen as an emerging “Proto-Metaverse” with direct genealogy to today’s concepts.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Movements
Proto-Metaverse
Filed under
- Ideas
- immersion, Immersive Art, Proto-Metaverse
- Technologies
- Advanced Visualizer, computer animation, DataGlove, virtual reality (VR)
- People
- Nicole Stenger
- Works
- Angels
- Organisations
- MIT, University of Washington, VPL Research
Echoes across time
- 2021 · Facebook Embraces the Metaverse
- 2019 · MACHINE HALLUCINATION by Refik Anadol
- 1967 · Hummingbird by Charles Csuri
Le Random editorials
Le Random podcast
- Timeline Ch 7—Net Era (1990s) with Auriea Harvey, Joshua Davis, LIA, Scott Draves & Vuk Ćosić — listen with transcript on Le Random (11 Apr 2024, 77 min). Chapter 7’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify