Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 8: Tooling Era (2000s)
2005
Arduino Developed

Arduino was developed in Ivrea, Italy, following Hernando Barragán’s Wiring project, supervised by Casey Reas and Massimo Banzi in 2003. Two years later, a team of five, including Banzi, David Cuartielles, Tom Igoe, David Mellis and Gianluca Martino, forked Wiring at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) to create Arduino. Named after a local bar in Ivrea, Arduino began by creating low-cost microcontroller boards that revolutionized the DIY electronics world by making technology accessible to novices. The open-source hardware and software allowed users to easily create and share projects, setting off a process of democratization of engineering, which has inspired a global community of makers, leading to innovations in various fields. Critically, the Arduino Programming Language was inspired by Processing, as Reas supervised Barragán’s Wiring.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Casey Reas, David Cuartielles, David Mellis, Gianluca Martino, Hernando Barragán, Massimo Banzi, Tom Igoe
Movements
Technology and Art
Filed under
- Ideas
- community, democratization, maker movement
- Technologies
- Arduino, Arduino Programming Language, microcontrollers, open source, open-source hardware, physical computing, Processing, programming, robotics, Wiring
- People
- Casey Reas, David Cuartielles, David Mellis, Gianluca Martino, Hernando Barragán, Massimo Banzi, Tom Igoe
- Works
- David
- Organisations
- Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII)
- Places
- Italy, Ivrea
Related moments
Echoes across time
- 1953 · Grace Murray Hopper Invents General Programming Languages
- 1972 · Dennis Ritchie Develops the C Language
- 1948 · William Grey Walter Constructs the First Electronic Autonomous Robots
Le Random editorials
- Casey Reas, Lauren Lee McCarthy & Chandler McWilliams on Expanding Software, Peter Bauman, August 20, 2024
- Casey Reas on the History of Generative Art - Part 2, Peter Bauman, July 5, 2023
- Casey Reas on the History of Generative Art - Part 1, Peter Bauman, June 22, 2023
Le Random podcast
- Elevating the Generative Art Space (Launch Episode) with Casey Reas, ciphrd, Anne Spalter, Anika Meier & Georg Bak — listen with transcript on Le Random (28 Jun 2023, 52 min). Featuring Casey Reas. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 8—Tooling Era (2000s) with Christiane Paul, Casey Reas, Christa Sommerer & Golan Levin — listen with transcript on Le Random (15 May 2024, 64 min). Featuring Casey Reas. Chapter 8’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify