Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 8: Tooling Era (2000s)
2007
Casey Reas and Ben Fry Publish Processing Textbook

In order to lay out “our vision for how Processing could be used in a university classroom,” Casey Reas and Ben Fry published the Processing textbook, Processing: a programming handbook for visual designers and artists.
The textbook served as an essential guide to introduce computer programming to those within the visual arts community. This book leveraged six years of software development and educational insights gained from Reas’s teaching at UCLA and Fry’s time at the MIT Media Lab and Carnegie Mellon. Designed for individuals with minimal coding experience, the book guides those who are keen on exploring interactive and visual software creation. Through tutorials, professional project interviews and extension sections, the book thoroughly discusses the integration of software with arts like photography, drawing, animation and more.
This and other texts, such as the earliest one by Ira Greenberg, helped with the practicalities of teaching Processing once it was already initiated.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Ben Fry, Casey Reas, Ira Greenberg
Movements
generative art
Filed under
- Ideas
- community, creative coding, education, pedagogy
- Technologies
- Processing, programming
- People
- Ben Fry, Casey Reas, Ira Greenberg
- Organisations
- Carnegie Mellon, MIT Media Lab, UCLA
Related moments
Echoes across time
- 1967 · Logo Language Developed
- 1953 · Grace Murray Hopper Invents General Programming Languages
- 1985 · Mark Wilson Publishes Drawing with Computers
Le Random editorials
- Casey Reas, Lauren Lee McCarthy & Chandler McWilliams on Expanding Software, Peter Bauman, August 20, 2024
- Casey Reas on the History of Generative Art - Part 2, Peter Bauman, July 5, 2023
- Casey Reas on the History of Generative Art - Part 1, Peter Bauman, June 22, 2023
- Golan Levin on the Potentiality of Blobs, Peter Bauman, January 10, 2024
Le Random podcast
- Timeline Ch 8—Tooling Era (2000s) with Christiane Paul, Casey Reas, Christa Sommerer & Golan Levin — listen with transcript on Le Random (15 May 2024, 64 min). Featuring Casey Reas. Chapter 8’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Elevating the Generative Art Space (Launch Episode) with Casey Reas, ciphrd, Anne Spalter, Anika Meier & Georg Bak — listen with transcript on Le Random (28 Jun 2023, 52 min). Featuring Casey Reas. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 1—Pre-Modern Era with Marius Watz — listen with transcript on Le Random (06 Jul 2023, 46 min). Transcript mentions Casey Reas. Apple Podcasts · Spotify