Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 4: Digital Era (1960s)

1963

Charles Csuri Begins Experimenting with Computers and Art

Artwork · United States

Csuri’s 1964 drawing of a devil holding a punch card.
Csuri’s 1964 drawing of a devil holding a punch card. Charles Csuri, Devil with Punch Card, 1964, as reproduced in Wayne E. Carlson, Computer Graphics and Computer Animation: A Retrospective Overview (Ohio State University Press). Internet Archive.

Charles “Chuck” Csuri began exploring the possibility of applying computer graphics to art in 1963, while a professor teaching painting at The Ohio State University (OSU).

Originally a painter in the 1950s who canoodled with New York’s avant-garde scene, Csuri became increasingly fascinated with the computer and its potential for art making while at OSU from 1960.

In 1963, he began with analogue "computational" processes with his work After the Artist. He made the work with a device he built to process drawings, working like a pantograph. It changed the length of one or more of its parts, redrawing the traced image in a transformed state.

In 1964 he drew a devil holding a punch card, a jab at the technology of the day. Within three years he was programming a mainframe with the mathematician James Shaffer, where he would produce his most famous early computer art, including Sine Curve Man, Random War and Hummingbird.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Charles Csuri, James Shaffer

Movements

computer art

Filed under

Ideas
drawing, transformation
Technologies
computer art
People
Charles Csuri, James Shaffer
Organisations
Ohio State University
Places
Ohio
Other subjects
analogue computer, Devil with Punch Card, pantograph

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