Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 10: On-Chain Era (2020s)

2025

Cycles by Material Protocol Arts

Artwork · Europe

Material Protocol Arts, Cycles Lens 12 (Still, detail), 2025
Material Protocol Arts, Cycles Lens 12 (Still, detail), 2025

Another major protocolic art to start the year, Cycles by Material Protocol Arts is a generative artwork on Ethereum, a self-described network sculpture composed of space and time. The project consists of 512 minted “lenses” arranged into rotating rings, forming a continuously shifting 3D kinetic image. Rather than relying on hosted media, Cycles is computed as a live program, rendered on-chain without external dependencies. Each token is a self-contained, perpetually running visual state. Framed as a meditation on recurrence and change, the work uses rotation and depth to unsettle fixed perception. Cycles, along with Kim Asendorf’s PXL DEX (2025) and Holly Herndon and Mat Dryhurst’s The Call (2024) at Serpentine, all pointed toward the rise of protocol art as a prominent idea at the end of 2024 and beginning of 2025.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Holly Herndon, Kim Asendorf, Mat Dryhurst

Movements

generative art, Ethereum Art, protocol art, Real-Time Art

Filed under

Ideas
perception
Technologies
3D animation, Ethereum, on-chain
People
Holly Herndon, Kim Asendorf, Mat Dryhurst
Works
cycles, PXL DEX, The Call
Organisations
Material Protocol Arts, Serpentine

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