Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 10: On-Chain Era (2020s)

2021

DALL-E Launched

Invention

A green and yellow avocado-shaped chair from the original DALL·E release examples.
Original DALL·E sample, January 2021: an armchair in the shape of an avocado. DALL·E / OpenAI. Source: “DALL·E: Creating images from text,” January 5, 2021. Image source.

We open January 2021 with a bang. This consequential deep learning model designed by OpenAI “generates”—as in creates—digital images from natural language descriptions. Utilizing a 12-billion parameter version of the GPT-3 neural network, DALL-E marked a significant advancement in AI-driven generativity. This launch opened the text-to-image race that continues today between DALL-E, Stable Diffusion and Midjourney. Although introduced at the very beginning of 2021, DALL-E and text-to-image generation did not receive mainstream attention until nearly a year later. This is because DALL-E 1 generated images autoregressively from discrete image tokens, which was computationally expensive and slow. It wasn’t until almost exactly a year later, in late December 2021, that the concept of latent diffusion models was introduced, which significantly reduced the computational requirements and decreased costs. This advancement would light the fire of mass adoption of the emerging technology.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

Movements

artificial intelligence, generative AI, Machine Learning Art

Filed under

Ideas
ai art, ai image generation, technology adoption
Technologies
artificial intelligence, autoregressive models, DALL-E, deep learning, diffusion models, generative AI, GPT-3, latent diffusion models (LDMs), Midjourney, neural networks, Stable Diffusion, text-to-image
Organisations
OpenAI

Related moments

Echoes across time

Le Random editorials

Explore all Le Random editorials and artist interviews

Le Random podcast