Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 8: Tooling Era (2000s)

2004

Eden by Jon McCormack

Artwork

An installation view of Jon McCormack's Eden at ACMI in 2004, showing the translucent screens on which the artificial ecosystem was projected.
An installation view of Jon McCormack's Eden at ACMI in 2004, showing the translucent screens on which the artificial ecosystem was projected. Jon McCormack, Eden, 2004. Installation view, Australian Centre for the Moving Image, SenseSurround, 7 October - 7 November 2004. Courtesy the artist.

Eden is an interactive, self-generating, artificial ecosystem installation active from 2004–2012. McCormack created artificial creatures that inhabited a virtual world governed by minimal physics, seeking survival through adaptation and learning. These beings exhibited complex behaviors such as foraging, communication and hibernation in response to seasonal changes and human presence. Projected onto floating screens, the creatures interacted within a translucent, immersive space, blurring distinctions between reality and simulation. Audience interaction influences the ecosystem, as the presence of viewers sustains the creatures' food supply. Over time, a symbiotic relationship between audience and artwork emerges, shaping the evolution of the virtual ecosystem and highlighting the interconnectedness of art, technology and human engagement. The system was mentioned by Phil Galanter as a prime example of generative artificial life.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Jon McCormack, Philip Galanter

Movements

artificial life, Biological Art

Filed under

Ideas
artificial life, audience participation, Biological Art, ecosystem, emergence, evolution, Evolutionary Art, generative art, immersion, Immersive Art, Installation Art, Interactive Art, interactivity, simulation
Technologies
artificial intelligence, projection
People
Jon McCormack, Philip Galanter
Works
Eden

Echoes across time

Le Random editorials

Explore all Le Random editorials and artist interviews

Le Random podcast