Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 4: Digital Era (1960s)

1963

Henry Flynt Coins Concept Art

Event · North America · Top Moment

The cover of An Anthology (1963), designed by George Maciunas, the book in which Henry Flynt's essay “Concept Art” first appeared.
The cover of An Anthology (1963), designed by George Maciunas, the book in which Henry Flynt's essay “Concept Art” first appeared. An Anthology, ed. La Monte Young and Jackson Mac Low, designed by George Maciunas, New York, 1963. Biblioteca, Museu Tapies, Barcelona.

“’Concept art’ is first of all an art of which the material is ‘concepts.’” -Henry Flynt in “Concept Art” Flynt, an American philosopher, musician and artist, coined the term “concept art” in his 1961 essay “Concept Art”, published in An Anthology in 1963. In the essay, Flynt argues that art should be based on ideas rather than aesthetics. He claims that artists should focus on creating thought-provoking works rather than visually appealing ones, a key tenet of post-modernism. Conceptual art shares generative art’s interest in the process of creation, as the term “concept art” was later adopted by other artists, including Sol LeWitt, a progenitor of material generative practices. In many ways, computer art specifically can be seen as an extension of conceptual art, according to Frank Popper and Grant Taylor. In addition to aesthetic overlap, both movements emphasize the importance of ideas over materials and use can use algorithmic procedure, text, and other non-traditional mediums to convey their ideas. Conceptual artists like Sol LeWitt produced instructions for other humans to carry out. Computer artists like Manfred Mohr produced algorithms for a computer plotter to carry out. This was another hugely important step in the dematerialization of art.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Frank Popper, Grant Taylor, Henry Flynt, Manfred Mohr, Sol LeWitt

Movements

conceptual art, Fluxus

Filed under

Ideas
aesthetics, Concept Art, conceptual art, dematerialization, generative art, Material Generative Art, Postmodernism, process, Rules-Based Art
Technologies
algorithms, computer art, plotter, Plotter Art
People
Frank Popper, Grant Taylor, Henry Flynt, Manfred Mohr, Sol LeWitt
Works
An Anthology of Chance Operations
Organisations
Fluxus

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