Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 1: Pre-Modern Era (Pre-1850)

1844

Hugh Blackburn Describes the Harmonograph

Invention

Hugh Blackburn Describes the Harmonograph
Wikipedia. 2023. "Harmonograph." Wikimedia Foundation. Last modified February 2, 2023. en.wikipedia.org.

The Harmonograph, commonly agreed to be invented by Hugh Blackburn, is a mechanical apparatus that creates geometric drawings, typically Lissajous-type figures, through the use of pendulums. It stands as an early example of an autonomous system/machine that generates artistic forms, and as a precursor to later generative art and computer graphics.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

People

Hugh Blackburn

Movements

generative art

Filed under

Ideas
autonomy, generative art, geometry
Technologies
computer graphics, drawing machine, harmonographs, Lissajous figures, pendulum
People
Hugh Blackburn

Echoes across time

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