Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 8: Tooling Era (2000s)
2003
Imaginary・Numbers by Keiko Kimoto

This award-winning installation generates an infinite series of abstract images based on mathematical formulas and random elements. Exploring the relationship between the viewer’s psychological response and machine-generated imagery, the work highlights the potency of artistic expression through computational processes.
The Japanese artist developed her elaborate two-dimensional works while conducting academic research at ERATO of JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency). Kimoto thought deeply about the interaction of the systems and results in her work, writing:
“I believe that art is not intended to be a gateway to understanding the artist’s system, but a method of activating the viewers’ psychological-motion systems (memory and physical sensation). These should be triggered by looking at the artwork. When viewers can realise their own feelings and memories, the artwork is truly completed.”
As such, I included Kimoto as a Resultist in my article, “Demystifying Generative Art.”
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Movements
generative art
Filed under
- Ideas
- agency, audience participation, generative art, Installation Art, mathematics, memory, perception, randomness, Resultist, systems
- People
- Keiko Kimoto
- Works
- Demystifying Generative Art, Imaginary・Numbers
- Organisations
- ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- Places
- Japan
Echoes across time
- 1972 · Edward Lorenz Presents Paper on the Butterfly Effect
- 1969 · The Philosophy of Computer Art by Haruki Tsuchiya
- 1957 · An Experiment in Musical Composition is Published
Le Random editorials
- Demystifying Generative Art, Peter Bauman, July 20, 2023
Le Random podcast
- Timeline Ch 8—Tooling Era (2000s) with Christiane Paul, Casey Reas, Christa Sommerer & Golan Levin — listen with transcript on Le Random (15 May 2024, 64 min). Chapter 8’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify