Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 9: AI Era (2010s)
2015
Journey through the Layers of the Mind by Memo Akten

AI art pioneer Akten utilized Google’s DeepDream algorithm, exploring the intersection of artificial intelligence and human perception. By running a neural network trained on over 20,000 image categories backwards, DeepDream generated surreal images that amplified the neural activation patterns triggered by the input. The resulting visuals, demonstrate AI’s signature dream-like aesthetic, while reflecting AI’s attempts at pattern recognition, much like Rorschach (inkblot) tests for humans. Akten’s work investigates themes of confirmation bias and cognitive projection, highlighting how both artificial and biological systems seek and affirm meaning. His later work in this decade, including his Learning to See Series (2017) used GANs and custom software to make work with a strong conceptual foundation. It invites the viewer to understand how AI learns and works so that they may reflect on our such abilities. Akten stands out in the decade for his work demonstrating the creative potential of AI—machine learning, deep learning and GANs.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Movements
Machine Learning Art
Filed under
- Ideas
- ai art, bias, cognitive projection, Machine Learning Art, machine perception, perception
- Technologies
- artificial intelligence, deep learning, DeepDream, GANs, machine learning, neural networks, pattern recognition, projection
- People
- Memo Akten
- Works
- Journey through the Layers of the Mind, Learning to See
- Organisations
Related moments
Echoes across time
- 1990 · Jürgen Schmidhuber Proposes Artificial Curiosity
- 1982 · Paul Werbos Proposes Backpropagation to Train Neural Networks
- 1991 · Music and Connectionism, edited by Peter M. Todd and D. Gareth Loy
Le Random editorials
- Memo Akten on Rituals as Algorithms, Peter Bauman, July 13, 2026
- Christiane Paul on Defining AI Art, Peter Bauman, April 23, 2025
- Post(human)-AI Art, Peter Bauman, August 4, 2025
- New Histories: Previewing Autumn 2026 in Art and Technology, Peter Bauman with Corinna Gardner, Michael Spalter, Leyla Fakhr, Erick Calderon, Sofia Garcia, Lowbie and quasimatt, September 14, 2026
Le Random podcast
- Tom White & Gene Kogan on the Birth of GAN Art (Deep Learning Series 01) — listen with transcript on Le Random (14 Apr 2025, 44 min). Transcript discusses DeepDream. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Recapping 2024 and Projecting 2025 in Digital Art — listen with transcript on Le Random (13 Jan 2025, 89 min). Transcript mentions Memo Akten. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 9—AI Era (2010s) with Tyler Hobbs, Helena Sarin, Rhea Myers & Gene Kogan — listen with transcript on Le Random (30 Jul 2024, 51 min). Chapter 9’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify