Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 5: Artist-Programmer Era (1970s)

1973

M 3x3 by Analívia Cordeiro

Artwork · South America · Top Moment · Women Artists

A still from Analívia Cordeiro's M 3x3 (1973): dancers in high-contrast black-and-white silhouette, arms outstretched, spaced along the dashed grid lines of the three-metre-square studio matrix.
A still from Analívia Cordeiro's M 3x3 (1973): dancers in high-contrast black-and-white silhouette, arms outstretched, spaced along the dashed grid lines of the three-metre-square studio matrix. Analívia Cordeiro, M 3x3, 1972–1973, video, black and white, sound, 9 min 50 sec. Courtesy of the artist, © Analívia Cordeiro. Via AWARE: Archives of Women Artists, Research and Exhibitions.

The seminal work of Brazilian video and computer art pioneer, Analivia Cordeiro, M 3x3 is not only a work of generative choreography, it is also a work of video art. The piece syncs the movements of the cameras with the dancers who wear abstract geometric outfits in black and white. M 3x3 anticipates the merging of technology and dance while criticizing Brazil’s military dictatorship at the time. It also serves as a continual commentary on the influence of technology and society. From the Bright Moments Buenos Aires Timeline Poster: Computer art pioneer Waldemar Cordeiro advocated for the use of digital media in art the year following his Arteônica [art electronics] exhibition (1971), where he introduced his version of computer-aided design to the art world. His legacy extended through his daughter, Analivia Cordeiro, who embarked on pioneering research fusing dance and mathematics around the same time. Her creation, M 3x3, became Brazil’s first video art piece, debuting at the Edinburgh International Festival in 1973. It is also among the earliest video dance works globally.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Analívia Cordeiro, Waldemar Cordeiro

Movements

Chance Dance, computer art, video art, Arteônica

Filed under

Ideas
Brazilian military dictatorship, Chance Dance, choreography, dance, Generative Choreography, mathematics, technology, video art
Technologies
computer art, computer-aided design
People
Analívia Cordeiro, Waldemar Cordeiro
Works
Arteônica, M 3x3
Organisations
Bright Moments, Edinburgh International Festival
Places
Brazil, Buenos Aires, Edinburgh, Scotland

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