Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 9: AI Era (2010s)
2017
Matt Hall and John Watkinson Release CryptoPunks

The first large generative character set minted on Ethereum, CryptoPunks was released by Matt Hall and John Watkinson of Larva Labs on June 22, 2017 for free. While Curio Cards predated the project as the first art NFTs on Ethereum, CryptoPunks (or Punks) stand as the first demonstration of generative algorithm that could produce a set number of unique iterations within a set with neither the artists, collectors or platform able to know precisely what would be generated. The project is generative, clearly, because the artists introduced autonomy to a system to create work. Punks stand as generative art and introduce the world to new issues, such as the demand for algorithms to paradoxically produce endless variety in a consistent and unified output space. The 10,000 unique Punks characters would also kick off a series of projects heavily inspired by the Punks minting and community mechanics. Larva Labs would demonstrate the power of generativity again in 2019 with Autoglpyhs—later in this chapter—which would in turn inspire Art Blocks—coming in Chapter 10. Beyond their impact on digital art, Etheria, Curio Cards and CryptoPunks also provided Ethereum with a first-mover advantage on NFTs. This fact remains despite NFTs early formation occurring entirely within the Bitcoin community. It would not be until the following decade (and chapter) that the Bitcoin community would seriously reenter the NFT discussion with Ordinals.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Movements
Bitcoin Art, Blockchain Art, Ethereum Art, generative art, NFT Art
Filed under
- Ideas
- autonomy, Bitcoin Art, Blockchain Art, collectibility, community, Ethereum Art, generative art, generativity, NFT Art, randomness, seriality
- Technologies
- algorithms, Bitcoin, Bitcoin Ordinals, blockchain, Ethereum, generative algorithms, NFTs, Ordinals
- People
- John Watkinson, Matt Hall
- Works
- 10,000, Autoglyphs, CryptoPunks, Curio Cards, Etheria
- Organisations
- Art Blocks, Larva Labs
Related moments
- 2017 · ERC20 Launches
- 2015 · Etheria Is First Ethereum NFT
- 2017 · Curios Cards: First Art NFT on Ethereum
- 2019 · Larva Labs Releases Autoglyphs
- 2023 · Centre Pompidou Acquires NFTs
- 2020 · Art Blocks Brings Generative Art On Chain
Echoes across time
- 1970 · Generación Automática de Formas Plásticas Exhibition at the Centro de Cálculo of the University of Madrid
- 1979 · Cybernetic Symbiosis, Berkeley: Lawrence Hall of Science
- 1968 · Notable computer artworks
Le Random editorials
- Matt Hall and John Watkinson on Beginning Movements, Peter Bauman, September 25, 2024
- Larva Labs on Computation’s Strangeness, Peter Bauman, October 6, 2025
- Julia Kaganskiy on Generativity’s Deeper Consideration, Peter Bauman, June 23, 2025
- NODE's 10,000: Fast Art, Slow Looking, Peter Bauman, January 23, 2026
Le Random podcast
- Timeline Ch 3—Analog Era (1950s) with Georg Bak — listen with transcript on Le Random (10 Aug 2023, 65 min). Transcript mentions CryptoPunks. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Reviewing Digital Art in 3Q 2025 — listen with transcript on Le Random (28 Sep 2025, 83 min). Transcript mentions CryptoPunks. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Beeple—Robot Dogs & Art After the Alien Landing with Peter Bauman — listen with transcript on Le Random (01 Dec 2025, 45 min). Transcript mentions CryptoPunks. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 9—AI Era (2010s) with Tyler Hobbs, Helena Sarin, Rhea Myers & Gene Kogan — listen with transcript on Le Random (30 Jul 2024, 51 min). Chapter 9’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify