Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 2: Modern Era (1850–1949)
1933
Nazis Permanently Close the Bauhaus
The Nazis permanently closed Bauhaus due to their opposition to its modernist and internationalist principles, which they saw as incompatible with their vision of a “pure” and traditional German culture. Many Bauhaus artists and designers were persecuted or forced to flee Germany as a result with many relocating to the United States, where Josef and Anni Albers joined Black Mountain College in North Carolina and Moholy-Nagy opened the New Bauhaus in Chicago.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Anni Albers, Josef Albers, László Moholy-Nagy
Movements
Bauhaus
Filed under
- Ideas
- design, education, institutions, migration, Modernism, nationalism, persecution
- People
- Anni Albers, Josef Albers, László Moholy-Nagy
- Organisations
- Bauhaus, Black Mountain College, Nazi Party, New Bauhaus
- Places
- Chicago, Germany, Nazi Germany, North Carolina, United States
Related moments
Echoes across time
- 1971 · Jasia Reichardt’s Publishes The Computer in Art
- 2013 · Taeyoon Choi, Zach Lieberman, Jen Lowe and Amit Pitaru Co-Found the School for Poetic Computation (SFPC)
- 1983 · Water Tower, Verviers, Belgium by Bernd and Hilla Becher
Le Random editorials
Le Random podcast
- Timeline Ch 2—Modern Era with Kate Vass — listen with transcript on Le Random (20 Jul 2023, 58 min). Chapter 2’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify