Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 7: Net Era (1990s)

1998

_readme – own, be owned, or remain invisible by Heath Bunting

Artwork

Browser screenshot of a newspaper article transformed into a page of underlined web links.
Heath Bunting, _readme (1998), shown in a later browser screenshot preserved by Media Art Net. © Heath Bunting; Media Art Net Image source.

This pioneering work of net.art transforms a newspaper article about Heath Bunting, the artist, into a hyperlinked guide, where each word links to a corresponding website. Initially leading to dead ends in 1998, the project highlighted the commercialization of online visibility, as banal words led to purchased domain sites. Through this hypertext exploration, Bunting explored how Internet perception structures ownership conditions, exposing the ruins of the grand narrative as the foundation of the new economy. This project anticipated the blockchain and NFT’s contemporary exploration of ownership.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Heath Bunting

Movements

net art

Filed under

Ideas
commercialization, net art, ownership, perception
Technologies
blockchain, domain names, hypertext, Internet
People
Heath Bunting
Works
_readme, The Ruins

Echoes across time

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