Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 9: AI Era (2010s)
2016
Spectacle, Speculation, Spam by Alan Warburton

Included in Casey Reas’s course 50 Years of Software Artists at UCLA as a standout example of computer film, Alan Warburton’s digital video Spectacle, Speculation, Spam is a video essay he made for the Edge of Frame Weekend seminar at The Whitechapel Gallery in East London. The seminar invited artists, curators and academics “to explore where experimental animation practice sits in relation to independent animation, visual art, histories and institutions.”
Preferring to focus on practical rather than theoretical papers, Warburton asked participants to cite works of art illustrating their points as opposed to papers. His presentation showcases animation’s speculative and often spam-like nature within contemporary visual culture within the broader context of what software is and can do. The video advocates for and justifies Warburton’s experimental software animation practice.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Movements
computer animation, Computer Film, software art
Filed under
- Ideas
- animation, Computer Film, experimental animation, institutions, spectacle, video essay
- Technologies
- computer animation, Digital Video, software art
- People
- Alan Warburton, Casey Reas
- Works
- 50 Years of Software Artists, Spectacle, Speculation, Spam
- Organisations
- Edge of Frame, UCLA, Whitechapel Gallery
- Places
- London
Echoes across time
- 1965 · Computer-Produced Movies by Kenneth C. Knowlton
- 1965 · Four-Dimensional Hyperobjects by A. Michael Noll
- 1988 · Roman Verostko with Seminal Article Epigenetic Painting
Le Random editorials
- Casey Reas, Lauren Lee McCarthy & Chandler McWilliams on Expanding Software, Peter Bauman, August 20, 2024
- Casey Reas on the History of Generative Art - Part 2, Peter Bauman, July 5, 2023
- Casey Reas on the History of Generative Art - Part 1, Peter Bauman, June 22, 2023
Le Random podcast
- Elevating the Generative Art Space (Launch Episode) with Casey Reas, ciphrd, Anne Spalter, Anika Meier & Georg Bak — listen with transcript on Le Random (28 Jun 2023, 52 min). Featuring Casey Reas. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 8—Tooling Era (2000s) with Christiane Paul, Casey Reas, Christa Sommerer & Golan Levin — listen with transcript on Le Random (15 May 2024, 64 min). Featuring Casey Reas. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 9—AI Era (2010s) with Tyler Hobbs, Helena Sarin, Rhea Myers & Gene Kogan — listen with transcript on Le Random (30 Jul 2024, 51 min). Chapter 9’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify