Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 6: Personal Computer Era (1980s)

1980

Spiral 5 PTL by Dan Sandin, Tom DeFanti and Mimi Shevitz

Artwork · Top Moment

A frame from Spiral 5 PTL showing the spiral motif generated with the Sandin Image Processor and DeFanti's GRASS system.
A frame from Spiral 5 PTL showing the spiral motif generated with the Sandin Image Processor and DeFanti's GRASS system. Dan Sandin, Spiral 5 PTL, 1980. Electronic Visualization Laboratory, University of Illinois Chicago

This early computer graphics art video by Dan Sandin, Tom DeFanti and Mimi Shevitz uses the image processor as a musical instrument, generating variations on a spiral motif synchronized with an eclectic audio track. Created in 1980 and 1981 by combining Tom DeFanti’s GRASS system and the Sandin Image Processor, this innovative piece was among the first video art works included in the Museum of Modern Art’s collection. The work thus stands as an important achievement in not only early computer animation but in digital art and more broadly the intersection of technology and visual art.

Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.

Sources

People

Dan Sandin, Mimi Shevitz, Tom DeFanti

Movements

computer animation, digital art, Video Synthesis

Filed under

Ideas
digital art, Technology and Art, video art
Technologies
computer animation, computer graphics, GRASS (Graphics Symbiosis System), Sandin Image Processor
People
Dan Sandin, Mimi Shevitz, Tom DeFanti
Works
Spiral 5 PTL, Visual Music Orchestration
Organisations
MoMA

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