Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 9: AI Era (2010s)
2013
Vitalik Buterin Publishes Ethereum Whitepaper

Vitalik Buterin created Ethereum with the Ethereum Whitepaper, marking a pivotal shift in the story of blockchains. This new chain offered several innovations and improvements on Bitcoin and, most importantly for this story—the story of art—the chain’s introduction of smart contracts would lead the way to NFTs and digital ownership.
Ethereum’s introduction of smart contracts aimed to decentralize internet applications by enabling developers to build decentralized applications (dApps). Several years later, the ERC-721 Token Standard would implement an API for tokens within smart contracts that allowed for the functionality digital artists had been seeking for decades—and what ascribe and the McCoys had envisioned—transfer and ownership of digital assets. This breakthrough had many critical predecessors but still stands as one of the more significant moments in this story of generative art.
Prior to Ethereum, Buterin was already a recognized figure in the crypto community, having co-founded Bitcoin Magazine and contributed to crypto research. Alongside Buterin, key figures like Dr. Gavin Wood, who developed Ethereum’s Solidity programming language, Anthony Di Iorio, Charles Hoskinson and Joseph Lubin significantly shaped Ethereum’s early stages. Ethereum’s vision materialized with its presentation at the 2014 North American Bitcoin Conference in Miami (2014), followed by a successful ICO that raised approximately $18 million in Bitcoin, setting a robust foundation for its development.
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random, fact-checked September 2026.
Sources
People
Anthony Di Iorio, Charles Hoskinson, Gavin Wood, Joseph Lubin, Vitalik Buterin
Movements
Blockchain Art, Ethereum Art, NFT Art
Filed under
- Ideas
- Blockchain Art, community, decentralization, digital art, Ethereum Art, NFT Art, ownership
- Technologies
- Bitcoin, blockchain, dApps, ERC-721, Ethereum, initial coin offering (ICO), Internet, NFTs, programming, smart contracts, Solidity
- People
- Anthony Di Iorio, Charles Hoskinson, Gavin Wood, Joseph Lubin, Vitalik Buterin
- Works
- Ethereum Whitepaper, Standard
- Organisations
- Ascribe, Bitcoin Magazine, North American Bitcoin Conference
- Places
- Miami
- Other subjects
- Jennifer and Kevin McCoy
Related moments
- 2013 · Ascribe Conceptualizes Proto-NFTs
- 2014 · Jennifer and Kevin McCoy’s Quantum
- 2018 · Dieter Shirley and Others Propose the ERC-721 Standard
Echoes across time
- 1991 · Stuart Haber and W. Scott Stornetta Describe a Cryptographically Secured Chain of Blocks
- 1973 · France Hosts International Computer Art Events
- 1998 · _readme – own, be owned, or remain invisible by Heath Bunting
Le Random editorials
- Joan Heemskerk on Quantum Web4, Peter Bauman, September 10, 2024
- Kevin McCoy on Bridging net.art and Blockchain, Peter Bauman, May 2, 2024
- Kim Asendorf on Breaking His Own Rules, Peter Bauman, March 9, 2026
- NODE's 10,000: Fast Art, Slow Looking, Peter Bauman, January 23, 2026
Le Random podcast
- Protocol Art & Blockchain Formalism—Mitchell F Chan, Ania Catherine, Dejha Ti, matto & maltefr — listen with transcript on Le Random (04 Mar 2025, 64 min). Transcript mentions Ethereum. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- One Year of Le Random — listen with transcript on Le Random (22 Mar 2024, 59 min). Transcript mentions Ethereum. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Digital Curators Series 02—Regina Harsanyi & Jon Ippolito on Preserving the Digital — listen with transcript on Le Random (04 Nov 2024, 79 min). Transcript mentions Ethereum. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Timeline Ch 9—AI Era (2010s) with Tyler Hobbs, Helena Sarin, Rhea Myers & Gene Kogan — listen with transcript on Le Random (30 Jul 2024, 51 min). Chapter 9’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify