Generative Art Timeline · Chapter 8: Tooling Era (2000s)
2001
Alphabet Synthesis Machine by Golan Levin

The culmination of several years of collaboration between Golan Levin, Jonathan Feinberg, and Cassidy Curtis, Alphabet Synthesis Machine was an online interactive artwork commissioned by PBS and Art21.org. The platform enabled users to design and evolve potential writing systems for fictional civilizations. Users could create abstract alphabets with the software, which could be downloaded as TrueType fonts and added to a comprehensive archive of user-generated content. The project explored the edges of familiarity and chaos, as well as language and gesture.
Levin spoke to me about the project and its impact on his future work, including the asemic writing in his Art Blocks Curated release, Cytographia:
“I’ve had an interest for a long time in nonsense alphabet systems. There’s a talk I gave at Resonate Festival 2013, where I introduce why asemic writing is interesting to me. In 2001, I did a project that was actually the culmination of several years of research with Cassidy Curtis and Jonathan Feinberg called the Alphabet Synthesis Machine, which allowed you to use a genetic algorithm to synthesize your own nonsense writing system. The great Italian artist designer Bruno Munari also had a wonderful script of an uncontacted civilization and plenty of people have done similar work as well.”
Text by Peter Bauman. Generative Art Timeline, Le Random.
Sources
People
Bruno Munari, Cassidy Curtis, Golan Levin, Jonathan Feinberg
Movements
Computer Text, Generative Writing, software art
Filed under
- Ideas
- asemic writing, collaboration, Computer Text, Generative Writing, Interactive Art, language, typography
- Technologies
- genetic algorithms, software art, TrueType
- People
- Bruno Munari, Cassidy Curtis, Golan Levin, Jonathan Feinberg
- Works
- Alphabet Synthesis Machine, Cytographia
- Organisations
- Art Blocks, Art21, PBS, Resonate Festival
Related moments
Echoes across time
- 1988 · Roman Verostko with Seminal Article Epigenetic Painting
- 1963 · ASCII Adopted as Standard
- 1957 · Syntactic Structures by Noam Chomsky
Le Random editorials
- Golan Levin on the Potentiality of Blobs, Peter Bauman, January 10, 2024
- Memo Akten on Rituals as Algorithms, Peter Bauman, July 13, 2026
- Kyle McDonald on Computer Softness, Peter Bauman, March 30, 2026
- Reprogramming Sensory Habits, Luba Elliott, June 9, 2025
Le Random podcast
- Timeline Ch 8—Tooling Era (2000s) with Christiane Paul, Casey Reas, Christa Sommerer & Golan Levin — listen with transcript on Le Random (15 May 2024, 64 min). Featuring Golan Levin. Chapter 8’s episode. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- One Year of Le Random — listen with transcript on Le Random (22 Mar 2024, 59 min). Transcript mentions Golan Levin. Apple Podcasts · Spotify
- Tom White & Gene Kogan on the Birth of GAN Art (Deep Learning Series 01) — listen with transcript on Le Random (14 Apr 2025, 44 min). Transcript mentions Golan Levin. Apple Podcasts · Spotify